अ a   आ ā   इ i   ई ī   उ u   ऊ ū   ऋ ṛ   ॠ ṝ
ऌ ḷ   ए e   ऐ ai   ओ o   औ au

ं ṁ (anusvāra)  | ः ḥ (visarga)
ऽ - avagraha = the 'Apostroph

Consonants

Gutturals:	क ka	ख kha	ग ga	घ gha	ङ ṅa
Palatals:	च ca	छ cha	ज ja	झ jha	ञ ña
Cerebrals:	ट ṭa	ठ ṭha	ड ḍa	ढ ḍha	ण ṇa
Dentals:	त ta	य tha	द da	ध dha	न na
Labials:	प pa	फ pha	ब ba	भ bha	म ma
Semivowels:	य ya	र ra	ल la	व va
Sibilants:	श śa	ष ṣa	स sa
Aspirants:	ह ha	ळ ḷa
Numbers:	१   २   ३   ४   ५   ६   ७   ८   ९  १० 1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10

The vowels above should be pronounced as follows:

a – like the a in organ or the u in but
ā – like the ā in far but held twice as long as a.
i – like the i in pin.
ī – like the ī in pique but held twice as long as i.
u – like the u in push.
ū – like the ū in rule but held twice as long as u.
ṛ – like the ri in Rita (but more like French ru).
ṝ – same as ṛi but held twice as long.
ḷ – like lree (lruu).
e – like the e in they.
ai – like the ai in aisle.
o – like the o in go.
au – like the ow in how.
ṁ (anusvāra) – a resonant nasal like the n in the French word bon.
ḥ (visarga) – a final h-sound: aḥ is pronounced like aha; iḥ like ihi.

The consonants are pronounced as follows:

Cerebrals are pronounced with tongue to roof of mouth, but the following
dentals are pronounced with tongue against teeth:

t – as in tub but with tongue against teeth.
th – as in light-heart but tongue against teeth.
d – as in dove but tongue against teeth.
dh – as in red-hot but with tongue against teeth.
n – as in nut but with tongue in between teeth.

                                       
ś (palatal) – as in the s in the German word sprechen
ṣ (cerebral)– as the sh in shine
h – as in home

There is no strong accentuation of syllables in Sanskrit, only a flowing of
short and long (twice as long as the short) syllables.